Antifouling coatings were prepared with paints containing polyaniline (PAni) and derivatives as active pigment, and evaluated by antifouling performance on metallic or polyvinyl chloride substrates. The paints, PAni and its derivatives were characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometry, thermogravimetric analysis, electrical conductivity and scanning electron microscopy. Coatings were also characterized by salt spray, leaching and erosion tests. Antifouling coatings’ performance was evaluated by immersion tests in a marine environment or in fresh water. Paints containing PAni-ES, PAni/DBSA and SPAN, and a co-biocide PyZn, showed antifouling performance similar to a commercial antifouling paint.

According to Institutional Analysis (Lourau), everyone is involved in the institutions through which he passes and that cross him. Special education teacher working in a French elementary school, in a class hosting children with mental disabilities, I began a career as a researcher from my questioning about the violences that were expressed in my class. When a practitioner-researcher undertakes a research on his workplace, its involvement and over-involvement operate a double movement on his research and practice. This movement has effects on these two workplaces. What impact my involvement and my over-involvement in these professional fields have they produced?

Selon l'analyse institutionnelle (Lourau), tout individu est impliqué par les institutions qu'il traverse et qui le traversent. Enseignante spécialisée exerçant dans une école élémentaire française, en classe spécialisée accueillant des enfants en situation de handicap mental, j'ai débuté une carrière de chercheuse à partir de mon questionnement quant aux violences qui s'exprimaient dans ma classe. Quand un praticien-chercheur entreprend une recherche sur son milieu professionnel, ses implication et surimplication opèrent un double mouvement, sur sa recherche et sur sa pratique. Ce mouvement a des effets sur ces deux milieux. Quels effets ont produit mon implication et ma surimplication dans ces deux champs professionnels ?

Resumo São apresentados nove novos sinônimos e cinco lectotipificações para Miconia sul-americanas. Miconia paulensis é sinonimizada sob M. cinerascens var. cinerascens; M. conferta sob M. inconspicua ; M. riedelii e M. langsdorffii sob M. paucidens; Miconia camposnovaesii e M. coralliocarpa sob M. pseudonervosa e M. hispida, M. regnellii e M. brevipes var. longifolia sob M. trianae. São escolhidos lectótipos para M. conferta, M. hispida, M. langsdorffii, M. pseudonervosa e M. trianae.

Abstract We propose nine new synonyms, and five lectotypifications for South American Miconia (Melastomataceae). Miconia paulensis is synonymized under M. cinerascens var. cinerascens ; M.conferta as a synonym of M. inconspicua; Miconia riedelii and M. langsdorffii as a synonym of M. paucidens; M. camposnovaesii and M. coralliocarpa as a synonym of M. pseudonervosa ; and M. hispida, M. regnellii and M. brevipes var. longifolia under M. trianae. We propose lectotypes for M. conferta, M. hispida, M. langsdorffii, M. pseudonervosa, and M. trianae.